Create a simple time-lapse movie

Heather Kelly, Macworld.com - Time-lapse movies can give us a fresh perspective on the world around us by speeding up slow-moving action and compressing hours, days, and even months into seconds and minutes. Ordinary nature scenes such as storm clouds rolling in, stars moving across the sky, or plants growing, go from mundane to awe-inspiring when filmed as time-lapse movies. It's also a fresh way to document progress on large projects that take a long period of time to complete, like a painting, the construction of a building, or a photoshoot.

Now, thanks to a new crop of digital cameras and a wealth of helpful accessories and applications, almost anyone can create a time-lapse movie.

Pick Your Tools

Many digital cameras include a time-lapse mode that times and shoots images, and then collects them into a movie file. You choose the amount of wait time you want between shots and the duration of the overall shoot, and the camera will take care of the rest. Most cameras even power down automatically between shots to preserve battery life, making longer movies possible.

To make this test movie of my dehydrated plant coming back to life, I used the Nikon P90. Its time-lapse mode can be set to take a photo every 30 seconds up to once an hour, storing up to 1800 total images. If you have camera that doesn’t offer self-timer options, you can use an external intervalometer, which is a tool that triggers the shutter at a set interval of time. Better yet, if you have a compatible camera, the DSLR Remote app has an intervalometer setting that can trigger the camera anywhere from every second to once every 24 hours.

You can use your iPhone’s built-in still camera to create a time lapse movie if you have a tripod and a timer App, such as iTimeLapse Pro ($2.99) or Joby’s free Gorillacam app. Don't have an iPhone? Use the free application Gawker to create a time-lapse movie using your built-in iSight camera or third-party web cam.

Do the Math

Most time-lapse movies play 24 to 30 frames per second. The ideal wait time between frames depends entirely on the speed of the subject and the desired final movie length. When choosing your wait time, keep in mind that you can always remove frames later in the process to speed up a movie, so don’t be afraid to set your camera to shoot at smaller intervals.

The P90's time-lapse movies are 30 frames per second. Since the camera can take up to 1800 pictures for one movie, the longest time-lapse you can make on it is 60 seconds long. For the plant movie, I set the camera to take one photo every five minutes for 15 hours. The clip, made up of 180 frames, is only six seconds long. If the camera was set to shoot at shorter intervals, the final movie would have been smoother and slower.

To help you with the calculations, you can download the $4.99 Timelapse Calculator iPhone app. Fill in the information you have—event duration, FPS, wait time, or clip length—and the app will help you figure out the rest.

Get the Set Up Right

It's important that the camera's batteries are fully charged and that you have a large enough memory card to hold the large number of photos. You don’t need to shoot RAW or even very high-resolution photos when creating a time-lapse movie, so go into your settings and bump down the file size.

To create a feeling of movement in your film, experiment with longer exposure times—a small amount of blur in an image can minimize jarring transitions between frames. Set all of your camera settings to Manual, including the focus, and mount your camera on a tripod in a location where it won’t be bumped, shaken, or knocked over. Take a few test photos to get the best shutter speed and aperture settings, then start your shoot.

If your camera doesn’t automatically assemble your photos into a time-lapse movie, you can use QuickTime Pro (QuickTime X doesn’t have this feature). If you've upgraded to Snow Leopard, you can still use QuickTime Pro by installing QuickTime 7 from your Snow Leopard install DVD. For more information see this Apple support article. Another application that has time-lapse features is the $49 iStopMotion2 from Boinx Software.

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